What components make up a hydraulic cylinder?

The hydraulic cylinder is the actuator in a hydraulic system. Its main function is to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to achieve linear motion. The basic components of a hydraulic cylinder include the cylinder barrel, piston, piston rod, end cover, sealing device, buffer device and exhaust device. These components work together to ensure the efficient operation of the hydraulic cylinder.
Cylinder barrel: Usually made of cast iron or seamless steel pipe, it is the main structure of the hydraulic cylinder and bears the hydraulic pressure. The inner hole of the cylinder barrel has been precisely processed to ensure the smooth sliding of the piston and the seal.
Piston: It moves back and forth in the cylinder barrel, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The connection methods between pistons and piston rods are diverse, and strength and the convenience of disassembly and assembly need to be taken into consideration.
Piston rod: Transmits the movement of the piston to the working component and bears the external load. Its surface needs to be properly treated to reduce friction and wear.
End cover: Installed at both ends of the cylinder barrel, it forms a closed oil chamber with the cylinder barrel and withstands the hydraulic pressure. The design of the end cover needs to take into account strength and sealing performance.
Sealing device: Prevents hydraulic oil leakage and ensures the efficiency and performance of the hydraulic cylinder. Sealing devices include static sealing and dynamic sealing. The appropriate sealing method should be selected based on the specific application scenario.
Buffer device: When the piston approaches the end of its stroke, the buffer device reduces the movement speed by increasing the return oil resistance to prevent the cylinder head from being hit. Buffer devices are particularly important for high-speed and heavy-load hydraulic cylinders.
Exhaust device: Expels the air in the cylinder to prevent air from mixing in and affecting system performance. The design of the exhaust device needs to take into account the type and working requirements of the hydraulic cylinder.